Industrial automation instrument is one of the core components in industrial automation control system, and it is an important means to realize industrial automation control, improve production efficiency and product quality. The following Hongguang instrument will introduce in detail the definition, classification, application fields, development history, and future trends of industrial automation instruments.
1. Definition and classification of industrial automation instruments
（1）Definition
Industrial automation instrument refers to a device used to measure, control, adjust, protect and detect process parameters in the process of industrial production. It can detect, convert, amplify, process and transmit physical quantities, and realize automatic control and monitoring.
（2） Classification
According to the classification of measurement signals, industrial automation instruments can be divided into analog meters, digital meters, smart meters and wireless meters.
According to the classification of measurement objects, industrial automation instruments can be divided into temperature instruments, pressure instruments, flow instruments, liquid level instruments, analytical instruments, etc.
According to the classification of control methods, industrial automation instruments can be divided into switch control instruments, proportional control instruments, PID control instruments, multivariable control instruments, etc.
According to the classification of working principle, industrial automation instruments can be divided into mechanical instruments, electronic instruments, optical instruments, electrochemical instruments and so on.
2. Second, the application field of industrial automation instrument
Industrial automation instruments are widely used in petrochemical, electric power, metallurgy, building materials, light industry, machinery, aerospace, transportation, environmental protection and other fields.
In the petrochemical industry, industrial automation instruments are used to measure and control parameters such as temperature, pressure, flow, liquid level, pH value and other parameters in oil refining, chemical, natural gas and other process processes to ensure the safety and stability of the production process.
In the power industry, industrial automation instruments are used for monitoring, control and protection in power generation, transmission, and distribution systems, such as the measurement and control of parameters such as generator speed, voltage, current, and power factor.
In the metallurgical industry, industrial automation instruments are used to monitor and control parameters such as temperature, pressure, flow, liquid level, and composition in the production process of iron ore, steel, and nonferrous metals.
In the building materials industry, industrial automation instruments are used to measure and control parameters such as temperature, pressure, flow, and liquid level in the production process of cement, glass, and ceramics.
In the light industry, industrial automation instruments are used to measure and control parameters such as temperature, pressure, flow, and liquid level in the production processes of food, beverage, textile, and papermaking.
In the machinery industry, industrial automation instruments are used to measure and control parameters such as position, speed, force, and torque in machine tools, machining centers, and robots.
In the aerospace industry, industrial automation instruments are used to monitor and control parameters such as temperature, pressure, flow, and liquid level in aircraft, satellites, and other aircraft.
In the transportation industry, industrial automation instruments are used to measure and control parameters such as speed, position, oil volume, and temperature in vehicles, rail transit, and ships.
In the environmental protection industry, industrial automation instruments are used for measurement and control in environmental protection facilities such as sewage treatment and waste gas treatment to ensure the quality and safety of the environment.
3. The development history of industrial automation instruments
In the 1950s, with the development of industrial automation technology, industrial automation instruments began to be used in industrial production control. At that time, industrial automation instruments were mainly mechanical instruments, such as pressure gauges, thermometers, flow meters, etc.
In the 1960s, with the rapid development of electronic technology, industrial automation instruments began to gradually develop in the direction of electronization and intelligence. A large number of electronic instruments have appeared, such as electronic pressure transmitters, electronic temperature transmitters, etc.
In the 1970s, with the development of microelectronics technology, industrial automation instruments began to enter the digital age. A number of digital meters and smart meters have emerged, such as digital temperature controllers and smart flow meters.
In the 1980s and 1990s, with the rapid development of computer technology and communication technology, industrial automation instruments gradually developed towards network and informationization. A number of wireless instruments and Internet instruments have appeared, such as wireless pressure transmitters, remote monitoring systems, etc.
Since the 21st century, with the development of artificial intelligence technology, industrial automation instruments have gradually developed in the direction of intelligence, autonomy and collaboration. A number of intelligent control systems and autonomous robots have emerged, such as intelligent production lines and autonomous AGVs.
4. Fourth, the future trend of industrial automation instruments
With the continuous development of artificial intelligence technology, the future trend of industrial automation instruments will be mainly manifested in the following aspects:
（1）Intelligent
Industrial automation instruments will gradually realize intelligence, with self-learning, self-regulation, self-optimization and other functions, and can independently complete the measurement, control and adjustment of process parameters according to the needs of the production process.
（2）Autonomy
Industrial automation instruments will gradually achieve autonomy, with functions such as autonomous navigation, autonomous operation, and autonomous maintenance, and can complete the control and monitoring of the production process without manual intervention.
（3）Collaboration
Industrial automation instruments will gradually achieve synergy, with functions such as interconnection, information sharing, and collaborative decision-making, and can work collaboratively with other equipment and systems to jointly complete the control and optimization of the production process.
（4）Networking
Industrial automation instruments will gradually realize networking, equipped with technologies such as cloud computing, big data, and the Internet of Things, and can realize functions such as remote monitoring, remote maintenance, and remote control, and improve production efficiency and product quality.
Industrial automation instruments are the core components of industrial automation control systems. Hongguang instrument will continue to develop and innovate in terms of intelligence, autonomy, collaboration, and networking to provide more advanced, efficient, and safe solutions for industrial production.